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Authors of Programming Perl wrote about rarely used capabilities of Perl interpreter to produce cross-reference listing of the program:
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The B::Xref module generates cross-reference listings of the declaration and use of all variables (both global and lexically scoped), subroutines, and formats in a program, broken down by file and subroutine. Call the module this way:
For instance, here's a partial report:% perl -MO=Xref myprog > myprof.pxrefThis shows that the parse_argv subroutine had four lexical variables of its own; it also accessed global identifiers from both the main package and from Getopt::Long. The numbers are the lines where that item was used: a leading i indicates that the item was first introduced at the following line number, and a leading & means a subroutine was called there. Dereferences are listed separately, which is why both $Options and %$Options are shown.Subroutine parse_argv Package (lexical) $on i113, 114 $opt i113, 114 %getopt_cfg i107, 113 @cfg_args i112, 114, 116, 116 Package Getopt::Long $ignorecase 101 &GetOptions &124 Package main $Options 123, 124, 141, 150, 165, 169 %$Options 141, 150, 165, 169 &check_read &167 @ARGV 121, 157, 157, 162, 166, 166
The most useful option the cross referencer has is to save the report to a separate file. For instance, to save the report on myperlprogram to the file report:
perl -MO=Xref,-oreport myperlprogram
The cross referencing back end (B::Xref) produces a report on your program, breaking down declarations and uses of subroutines and variables (and formats) by file and subroutine. For instance, here's part of the report from the pod2man program that comes with Perl:
Subroutine clear_noremap
Package (lexical)
$ready_to_print
i1069, 1079
Package main
$&
1086
$.
1086
$0
1086
$1
1087
$2
1085, 1085
$3
1085, 1085
$ARGV
1086
%HTML_Escapes
1085, 1085
This shows the variables used in the subroutine
"clear_noremap". The
variable $ready_to_print is a my() (lexical)
variable, introduced
(first declared with my()) on line 1069, and
used on line 1079. The
variable $& from the main package is used on
1086, and so on.
A line number may be prefixed by a single letter:
i Lexical variable introduced (declared
with my()) for the first
time.
& Subroutine or method call.
s Subroutine defined.
r Format defined.
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BXref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
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